Utilizing Quantum Coherence in Cs Rydberg Atoms for High-Sensitivity Room-Temperature Terahertz Detection: A Theoretical Exploration

• Lei Hou, Junnan Wang, qihui he, Suguo Chen, Lei Yang, Sunchao Huang, and Wei Shi
• received 04/12/2024; accepted 05/12/2024; posted 05/15/2024; Doc. ID 525994
• Abstract: In recent years, terahertz (THz) technology make significant progress in numerous applications, however, the high-sensitive, room-temperature THz detectors are still rare, which is one of the bottlenecks in THz esearch. In this paper, we proposed a room-temperature electrometry method for THz detection by laser spectroscopy of cesium (¹³³Cs) Rydberg atoms, and conducted a comprehensive investigation of the five-level system involving electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA), and Autler-Townes (AT) splitting in ¹³³Cs cascades. By solving the Lindblad master equation, we found the influenceof THz electric field, probe laser, dressing laser and Rydberg laser on the ground state atomic population as well as the coherence between the ground state and the Rydberg state, play a crucial role in the transformation and amplitude of EIT and EIA signals. Temperature and atomic vapor cell′s dimensions affect the number of 133Cs atoms involved in the detection, and ultimately determine the sensitivity. We predicted the proposed quantum coherence THz detection method has a remarkable sensitivity of up to 10-9V/m/Hz1/2. This research offers valuable theoretical basis for implementing and optimizing quantum coherence effects based on Rydberg atoms for THz wave detection with high sensitivity and room-temperature operation.